{"id":180952,"date":"2016-09-08T17:04:46","date_gmt":"2016-09-08T21:04:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/?p=180952"},"modified":"2016-10-13T14:23:09","modified_gmt":"2016-10-13T18:23:09","slug":"initiating-dna-repair","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/","title":{"rendered":"Protein found that initiates DNA repair"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"kinase<\/a>
c-Jun N-terminal kinase, aka “JNK” (credit: Wikipedia)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Biologists, geneticists, and other scientists who study the cellular processes of aging have long focused on a gene known as sirtuin 6 (SIRT6<\/em>)\u2014so much so that it’s been identified as a \u201clongevity gene.\u201d Mice lacking the gene age prematurely, while mice with extra copies live longer. One of the molecular functions of SIRT6<\/em> is to help repair DNA when the strands of the molecule break. While such disruptions are a result of normal chemical processes that take place in cells, the damage has been linked to aging, as well as several age-related diseases. But how SIRT6<\/em> is activated has been unknown.\u00a0 Now a research team led by Vera Gorbunova and Andrei Seluanov, professors of biology at the University of Rochester, has discovered a protein that may serve as a first responder, activating SIRT6<\/em> and setting in motion a cascade of molecular activity\u00a0to repair the damaged DNA.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe wanted to find how SIRT6<\/em> receives its signal to spring into action. Once we learn that, we may be able to activate SIRT6<\/em> even without stress,\u201d said Gorbunova, who is the Doris Johns Cherry Professor in the Department of Biology.<\/p>\n

To find out what activates SIRT6<\/em>, the researchers alternately applied chemical inhibitors to human skin cells to determine which proteins were essential in getting the gene to repair the broken DNA strands. They discovered that one protein was involved in activating the gene in response to oxidative stress\u2014c-Jun N-terminal kinase, which goes by the simpler term JNK.\u00a0 When JNK was inhibited, SIRT6<\/em> was not activated and the broken strands of DNA were not repaired efficiently.<\/p>\n

The findings have been published in the journal Cell Reports<\/em>.<\/p>\n

To communicate stress signals within cells, JNKs add phosphate groups to proteins, and the Rochester study found the amino acid residue on SIRT6<\/em> that is modified by JNK. \u00a0Once modified, SIRT6<\/em> can attract the enzyme PARP1 (Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1) to the damaged site, where the enzyme undertakes a chemical process to repair the DNA. In effect, the activated gene serves as a first responder, recruiting DNA repair enzymes to the accident site and getting them to work.<\/p>\n

The study is the latest work by Gorbunova and Seluanov to shed light on the molecular mechanisms that drive the aging process. Their previous work involved understanding the prominence of an inferior DNA repair process later in life, as well as how errant DNA fragments\u2014called jumping genes\u2014are typically kept inactive.<\/p>\n

Understanding the molecular, chemical, and genetic process of aging has implications for both longevity and quality of life. While more research and clinical work need to be done, such studies help pave the way for possible treatments in the future.<\/p>\n

For example, Seluanov says the results may allow pharmaceutical researchers to one day design drugs that activate SIRT6 in ways that reduce molecular damage.<\/p>\n

\u201cThese drugs may be used to protect our genomes from damage, and could ultimately prevent cancer and extend healthy lifespan,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Researchers who specialize in the study of aging have identified a protein that may serve as a first responder, activating a \u201clongevity gene\u201d known as sirtuin 6 and setting in motion a cascade of molecular first responders to repair damaged DNA.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":181022,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[116],"tags":[13942,10916,18722,18792,27132,16072,10906],"class_list":["post-180952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sci-tech","tag-aging","tag-andrei-seluanov","tag-department-of-biology","tag-genetics","tag-natural-sciences","tag-school-of-arts-and-sciences","tag-vera-gorbunova"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nProtein found that initiates DNA repair<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Protein found that initiates DNA repair\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Researchers who specialize in the study of aging have identified a protein that may serve as a first responder, activating a \u201clongevity gene\u201d known as sirtuin 6 and setting in motion a cascade of molecular first responders to repair damaged DNA.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"News Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-09-08T21:04:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-10-13T18:23:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kinase.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Peter Iglinski\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@PiDaddy\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Peter Iglinski\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Peter Iglinski\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f7a217a901be900507c6e137448f5d5a\"},\"headline\":\"Protein found that initiates DNA repair\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-09-08T21:04:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-10-13T18:23:09+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":510,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/09\\\/kinase.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Aging\",\"Andrei Seluanov\",\"Department of Biology\",\"genetics\",\"Natural Sciences\",\"School of Arts and Sciences\",\"Vera Gorbunova\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Science & Technology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/\",\"name\":\"Protein found that initiates DNA repair\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/09\\\/kinase.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-09-08T21:04:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2016-10-13T18:23:09+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f7a217a901be900507c6e137448f5d5a\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/09\\\/kinase.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2016\\\/09\\\/kinase.jpg\",\"width\":500,\"height\":300,\"caption\":\"c-Jun N-terminal kinase, aka \\\"JNK\\\" (credit: Wikipedia)\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/initiating-dna-repair\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Protein found that initiates DNA repair\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/\",\"name\":\"News Center\",\"description\":\"University of Rochester\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f7a217a901be900507c6e137448f5d5a\",\"name\":\"Peter Iglinski\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/PiDaddy\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/author\\\/peter-iglinski\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Protein found that initiates DNA repair","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Protein found that initiates DNA repair","og_description":"Researchers who specialize in the study of aging have identified a protein that may serve as a first responder, activating a \u201clongevity gene\u201d known as sirtuin 6 and setting in motion a cascade of molecular first responders to repair damaged DNA.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/","og_site_name":"News Center","article_published_time":"2016-09-08T21:04:46+00:00","article_modified_time":"2016-10-13T18:23:09+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kinase.jpg","width":500,"height":300,"type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Peter Iglinski","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@PiDaddy","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Peter Iglinski","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/"},"author":{"name":"Peter Iglinski","@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/#\/schema\/person\/f7a217a901be900507c6e137448f5d5a"},"headline":"Protein found that initiates DNA repair","datePublished":"2016-09-08T21:04:46+00:00","dateModified":"2016-10-13T18:23:09+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/"},"wordCount":510,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kinase.jpg","keywords":["Aging","Andrei Seluanov","Department of Biology","genetics","Natural Sciences","School of Arts and Sciences","Vera Gorbunova"],"articleSection":["Science & Technology"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/","url":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/","name":"Protein found that initiates DNA repair","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kinase.jpg","datePublished":"2016-09-08T21:04:46+00:00","dateModified":"2016-10-13T18:23:09+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/#\/schema\/person\/f7a217a901be900507c6e137448f5d5a"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kinase.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/kinase.jpg","width":500,"height":300,"caption":"c-Jun N-terminal kinase, aka \"JNK\" (credit: Wikipedia)"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/initiating-dna-repair\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Protein found that initiates DNA repair"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/","name":"News Center","description":"University of Rochester","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/#\/schema\/person\/f7a217a901be900507c6e137448f5d5a","name":"Peter Iglinski","sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/PiDaddy"],"url":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/author\/peter-iglinski\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/180952","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=180952"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/180952\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":181172,"href":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/180952\/revisions\/181172"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/181022"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=180952"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=180952"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=180952"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}