{"id":262152,"date":"2017-08-11T15:06:31","date_gmt":"2017-08-11T19:06:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/?p=262152"},"modified":"2024-10-29T14:22:49","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T18:22:49","slug":"student-work-opens-brain-surgeons-remove-tumors-262152","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/student-work-opens-brain-surgeons-remove-tumors-262152\/","title":{"rendered":"Student work opens the brain to help surgeons remove tumors"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_259802\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-259802\" style=\"width: 320px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/news\/summer-of-research\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-259802\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/summer-postcard-1024x744.jpg\" alt=\"retro travel postcard says SUMMER OF RESEARCH AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER\" width=\"320\" height=\"233\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/summer-postcard-1024x744.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/summer-postcard-630x458.jpg 630w, https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/summer-postcard-768x558.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/summer-postcard.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-259802\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/news\/summer-of-research\/\"><strong>Summer of Research:<\/strong><\/a> Our latest Newscenter series showcases a cross-section of summer research conducted by undergraduates at Rochester and beyond.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Magdalena Granados \u201919 hopes one day to do research that could help her grandmother\u2014and 10 million other people worldwide\u2014who suffer from Parkinson\u2019s disease, a movement disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain.<\/p>\n<p>This summer, her introduction to research as a <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/college\/kearnscenter\/undergraduate\/mcnair.html\">McNair Scholar<\/a><\/strong> could help a different set of patients: Those with brain tumors that need to be removed with the utmost precision to prevent damage to surrounding tissue.<\/p>\n<p>The rising junior is working in the lab of Brad Mahon, an assistant professor of brain and cognitive sciences and of neurosurgery. Mahon collaborates with Medical Center surgeons on \u201cawake language mapping.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>This remarkable procedure helps surgeons pinpoint in advance how aggressively they can remove a tumor without causing damage to regions of the brain that support language.<\/p>\n<p>It works like this:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Patients are put under anesthesia, then carefully positioned on an operating table.<\/li>\n<li>They undergo a craniotomy that exposes the brain, and are then awakened (after receiving local anesthesia) so they can respond to language stimuli shown on a monitor.<\/li>\n<li>As patients respond, surgeons apply electrical stimulation to brain tissue immediately around the tumor site. When the stimulation impairs the patient\u2019s ability to correctly perform a task (such as naming an object shown on the screen), the surgeons know they need to stay away from that stimulated region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201cPeople have been doing these awake mapping protocols for 60 years, and there has been very little change in the kinds of tasks they use,\u201d Mahon says. \u201cWe are working to develop new tasks and optimize existing ones so the mapping is more effective. It would not only improve patient outcomes, but give us an incredible research tool to study the brain.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>And that\u2019s where Granados, a brain and cognitive sciences major, is contributing this summer. She recruited 36 healthy subjects\u2014native English speakers between the ages of 18 and 65\u2014and tested how long it takes them to respond during three different tasks:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Naming, as quickly as possible, images that appear on a monitor<\/li>\n<li>Naming the images after first waiting to see the word \u201cgo\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Using shift keys to differentiate between \u201creal\u201d and \u201cunreal\u201d images<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201cThey might see a banana, which we would expect to receive an answer of \u2018real.\u2019 But if they see an example of a chimeric image of a truck and bike combined together, then we would expect the participant to answer \u2018not real,\u2019\u201d Granados explains.<\/p>\n<p>She is now in the process of entering data from the experiments. Her work will give surgeons a \u201cbenchmark\u201d of normative response times to compare to those by patients doing similar tasks while undergoing awake language mapping.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe kind of work Maggie is doing helps position us to start thinking about how to innovate in this area,\u201d Mahon says.<\/p>\n<p>Granados will continue working with Mahon on the project during the fall semester, taking the necessary steps to build her undergraduate research portfolio.\u00a0\u201cPhase two is learning how to analyze the data, which is the fun part,\u201d Mahon says. \u201cPhase three is thinking about how to interpret the findings, and phase four would be actually writing a paper.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Brain research does not take a summer vacation, and neither does Magdalena Granados \u201919. The McNair Scholar is working on \u201cawake language mapping&#8221; research designed to help neurosurgeons operate with greater precision.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":286,"featured_media":262612,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[116],"tags":[18672,18572,26232,16072,41362,20932],"class_list":["post-262152","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sci-tech","tag-department-of-brain-and-cognitive-sciences","tag-research-finding","tag-ronald-e-mcnair-post-baccalaureate-achievement-program","tag-school-of-arts-and-sciences","tag-summer-of-research-2017","tag-undergraduate-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Student work opens the brain to help surgeons remove tumors<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Brain research does not take a summer vacation, and neither does Magdalena Granados \u201919.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/student-work-opens-brain-surgeons-remove-tumors-262152\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Student work opens the brain to help surgeons remove tumors\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Brain research does not take a summer vacation, and neither does Magdalena Granados \u201919.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/student-work-opens-brain-surgeons-remove-tumors-262152\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"News Center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-08-11T19:06:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-29T18:22:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/fea-granados-song.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Bob Marcotte\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Bob Marcotte\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/student-work-opens-brain-surgeons-remove-tumors-262152\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/student-work-opens-brain-surgeons-remove-tumors-262152\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Bob Marcotte\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e0d8d271cd290d592461fa9cefca013b\"},\"headline\":\"Student work opens the brain to help surgeons remove tumors\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-08-11T19:06:31+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-29T18:22:49+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/student-work-opens-brain-surgeons-remove-tumors-262152\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":551,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/student-work-opens-brain-surgeons-remove-tumors-262152\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.rochester.edu\\\/newscenter\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/08\\\/fea-granados-song.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences\",\"research finding\",\"Ronald E. 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