{"id":462812,"date":"2020-11-24T17:04:21","date_gmt":"2020-11-24T22:04:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/?p=462812"},"modified":"2023-10-16T10:20:40","modified_gmt":"2023-10-16T14:20:40","slug":"psychological-flexibility-romantic-familial-relationships-462812","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/psychological-flexibility-romantic-familial-relationships-462812\/","title":{"rendered":"What\u2019s the secret ingredient that makes a happy couple or family?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"width: 85%; font-weight: bold; line-height: 135%; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">Analysis shows those who are psychologically flexible have better romantic and family relationships.<\/h2>\n<div class=\"side-right\">\n<h2>In the news<\/h2>\n<p>Watching and discussing movies with your partner that feature onscreen couples can have a positive effect on your relationship, Ronald Rogge <a href=\"https:\/\/people.com\/lifestyle\/want-to-stop-pandemic-fighting-with-your-partner-turn-on-the-tv\/\">recently told <em>People<\/em> magazine<\/a>. It\u2019s an easy exercise that \u201ccould be a lifesaver during quarantine,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>Which movies work? <em>As Good as It Gets<\/em>, <em>Funny Girl<\/em>, <em>Gone with the Wind<\/em>, <em>Love Story<\/em>, <em>Indecent Proposal<\/em>, <em>The Devil Wears Prada<\/em>, and <em>Father of the Bride<\/em> are a few of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/news\/divorce-rate-cut-in-half-for-couples-who-discussed-relationship-movies\/movie-list-and-questions.pdf\">films Rogge and his fellow researchers used<\/a>\u00a0in their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/256983382_Is_Skills_Training_Necessary_for_the_Primary_Prevention_of_Marital_Distress_and_Dissolution_A_3-Year_Experimental_Study_of_Three_Interventions\">2013 study<\/a>\u00a0of couples.<\/p>\n<p>Looking for some LGBTQ recommendations? Rogge suggests <em>The Kids Are Alright<\/em>, <em>The Wedding Banquet<\/em>, <em>The Birdcage<\/em>, and episodes of <em>Grace and Frankie<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Learn more about <a href=\"http:\/\/www.courses.rochester.edu\/surveys\/funk\/\">Rogge\u2019s couples research<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u201cHappy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way,\u201d Leo Tolstoy wrote famously in 1878 in the opening lines of <em>Anna Karenina<\/em>. Turns out the Russian author was onto something.<\/p>\n<p>Cohesive families, indeed, seem to share a few critical traits\u2014psychologists agree. Being emotionally flexible may be one of the most important factors when it comes to longevity and overall health of your romantic and familial relationships.<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s the finding of a new <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\">University of Rochester<\/a> meta-analysis, published in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/344484649_Examining_the_Correlates_of_Psychological_Flexibility_in_Romantic_Relationship_and_Family_Dynamics_A_Meta-Analysis\"><em>Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science<\/em><\/a>, which statistically combined the results of 174 separate studies that had looked at acceptance and commitment therapy, mindfulness, and emotion regulation.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers\u2019 aim was to clarify how mindful flexibility\u2014on one hand\u2014and inattentive, mindless, and rigid inflexibility on the other\u2014were linked to the dynamics within families and romantic relationships.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPut simply,\u201d says coauthor <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sas.rochester.edu\/psy\/people\/faculty\/rogge_ronald\/\">Ronald Rogge<\/a>, an associate professor of psychology at the University of Rochester, \u201cthis meta-analysis underscores that being mindful and emotionally flexible in tough and challenging situations not only improves the lives of individuals, it might also strengthen and enrich their close relationships.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Psychological flexibility versus inflexibility<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Psychological flexibility is defined as a set of skills that people use when they\u2019re presented with difficult or challenging thoughts, feelings, emotions, or experiences. Such skills encompass:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Being open to experiences\u2014both good and bad\u2014and accepting them no matter how challenging or difficult they might be<\/li>\n<li>Having a mindful attentive awareness of the present moment throughout day-to-day life<\/li>\n<li>Experiencing thoughts and feelings without obsessively clinging to them<\/li>\n<li>Maintaining a broader perspective even in the midst of difficult thoughts and feelings<\/li>\n<li>Learning to actively maintain contact with our deeper values, no matter how stressful or chaotic each day is<\/li>\n<li>Continuing to take steps toward a goal, even in the face of difficult experiences and setbacks<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The opposite\u2014psychological inflexibility\u2014describes six specific behaviors, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Actively avoiding difficult thoughts, feelings, and experiences<\/li>\n<li>Going through daily life in a distracted and inattentive manner<\/li>\n<li>Getting stuck in difficult thoughts and feelings<\/li>\n<li>Seeing difficult thoughts and feelings as a personal reflection and feeling judged or shameful for having them<\/li>\n<li>Losing track of deeper priorities within the stress and chaos of day-to-day life<\/li>\n<li>Getting derailed easily by setbacks or difficult experiences, resulting in being unable to take steps toward deeper goals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Psychologists consider the rigid and inflexible responses to difficult or challenging experiences dysfunctional, ultimately contributing to and exacerbating a person\u2019s psychopathology.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>How flexibility shapes interactions<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Through their analysis, coauthor <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sas.rochester.edu\/psy\/people\/gradstudents\/daks_jennifer\/index.html\">Jennifer Daks<\/a>, a PhD candidate in the Rochester <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sas.rochester.edu\/psy\/index.html\">Department of Psychology<\/a>, and Rogge discovered that within families, higher levels of various forms of parental psychological flexibility were linked to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Greater use of adaptive parenting strategies<\/li>\n<li>Fewer incidents of lax, harsh, and negative parenting strategies<\/li>\n<li>Lower perceived parenting stress or burden<\/li>\n<li>Greater family cohesion<\/li>\n<li>Lower child distress<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Within romantic relationships, higher levels of various forms of psychological inflexibility were linked to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lower relationship satisfaction for themselves and their partners<\/li>\n<li>Lower sexual satisfaction<\/li>\n<li>Lower emotional supportiveness<\/li>\n<li>Greater negative conflict, physical aggression, attachment anxiety, and attachment avoidance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The results suggest that psychological flexibility and inflexibility may play key roles in both couples and families in shaping how individuals interact with the people closest to them, the two write.<\/p>\n<p>The meta-analysis, also commonly referred to as a \u201cstudy of studies,\u201d cements and adds to the findings of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/news\/divorce-rate-cut-in-half-for-couples-who-discussed-relationship-movies\/\">Rogge\u2019s earlier work<\/a> in which he and a team tested the effects of couples\u2019 watching movies together and talking about the films afterward. In that work, Rogge and his colleagues demonstrated that couples could bring mindful awareness, compassion, and flexibility back into their relationships by using movies to spark meaningful relationship discussions, leading to both immediate and long-term benefits.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/psycnet.apa.org\/record\/2013-33702-001\">That study<\/a>, conducted in 2013, found that an inexpensive, fun, and relatively simple watch-and-talk approach can be just as effective as other more intensive therapist-led methods\u2014more than halving the divorce or separation rate from 24 to 11 percent after the first three years of marriage.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe results suggest that husbands and wives have a pretty good sense of what they might be doing right and wrong in their relationships,\u201d Rogge said about the earlier study. \u201cYou might not need to teach them a whole lot of skills to cut the divorce rate. You might just need to get them to think about how they are currently behaving. And for five movies to give us a benefit over three years\u2014that is awesome.\u201d<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3><strong>Read more<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"large-up-3\">\n<div class=\"column\" style=\"padding-left: 0px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/do-open-relationships-work-405232\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/fea-open-relationship.jpg\" alt=\"couple holds hands loosely while walking along a waterfront.\" \/><strong>Do open relationships work?<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: .9em;\">A Rochester team has studied the distinctions and nuances within various types of nonmonogamous relationships and found that solid communication is critical.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"column\" style=\"padding-left: 0px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/news\/divorce-rate-cut-in-half-for-couples-who-discussed-relationship-movies\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/01\/fea-movies-marriage.jpg\" alt=\"woman and man sit on couch watching a movie.\" \/><strong>Divorce rate halved for couples who discussed relationship movies<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: .9em;\">A study led by Ronald Rogge finds that watching and discussing movies about relationships is as effective in lowering divorce rates as more intensive early marriage counseling programs.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"column\" style=\"padding-left: 0px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/how-to-cope-with-psychology-of-social-distancing-420922\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-bottom: 10px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/fea-covid-social-distance_Getty-1212639586.jpg\" alt=\"Rubber ducks and a ruler illustrating the social distancing concept of staying six feet apart.\" \/><strong>\u2018Make every effort to connect\u00ad\u2014digitally\u2014with other people\u2019<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: .9em;\">While social distancing is key to slowing the spread of coronavirus, people can combat the isolation with technology, say two Rochester psychologists.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Analysis by University of Rochester researchers shows that psychological flexibility can shape how individuals interact with the people closest to them.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":942,"featured_media":463012,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[456],"tags":[18592,105,17282,16072],"class_list":["post-462812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-society-culture","tag-department-of-psychology","tag-relationships","tag-ronald-rogge","tag-school-of-arts-and-sciences"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What\u2019s the secret ingredient that makes a happy couple or family?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Analysis by University of Rochester researchers shows that psychological flexibility may lead to better romantic and family relationships.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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