{"id":560942,"date":"2023-05-26T10:11:49","date_gmt":"2023-05-26T14:11:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/?p=560942"},"modified":"2025-08-11T20:41:37","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T00:41:37","slug":"stanley-engerman-economics-history-remembered-560942","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.rochester.edu\/newscenter\/stanley-engerman-economics-history-remembered-560942\/","title":{"rendered":"Stanley Engerman, at the forefront of modern economic history, remembered"},"content":{"rendered":"

The economist developed an international reputation for his work on the economic impact of institutions, most notably through his study of slavery.<\/h2>\n

Stanley Engerman, a professor emeritus in the Department of Economics<\/a> at the University of Rochester<\/a>, is being remembered by colleagues as an internationally recognized economist and economic historian. Engerman died on May 11 at the age of 87.<\/p>\n

In naming Engerman a Distinguished Fellow in 2005, the American Economic Association<\/a> praised him for making major contributions in economics and history as a researcher, editor, and teacher and for helping to increase the importance of economic history within the discipline of economics.<\/p>\n

Engerman, who would become the John H. Munro Professor of Economics in 1984\u2014a title he held until his retirement in 2017\u2014and a professor of history, joined the Rochester faculty in 1963, shortly after earning his PhD in economics from Johns Hopkins University. Over the course of a career that spanned more than five decades, Engerman coauthored or coedited 17 books and more than 100 articles, while teaching courses on economic history and the economics of sports and entertainment.<\/p>\n

\n

Inaugural Stanley Engerman Lecture<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Wednesday, September 20
\n3:30 p.m.
\nHawkins-Carlson Room, Rush Rhees Library<\/em><\/p>\n

The Department of Economics will hold the inaugural Stanley Engerman Lecture with speaker Claudia Goldin, the Henry Lee Professor of Economics at Harvard University. In conjunction with the lecture, a reception will be held to allow friends, colleagues, alumni, and students to remember Engerman and celebrate his many contributions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

A pioneer in economic history<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Engerman\u2019s most important work is widely considered to be Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery<\/em> (Little, Brown and Company, 1974), coauthored with fellow economic historian Robert Fogel, who would go on to win a Nobel Prize. The book examines the economic underpinnings of American slavery, upending the conventional belief that slavery was not economically viable.<\/p>\n

\u201cOne point that was destroyed by Time on the Cross<\/em> was the idea that slaveholders kept slaves for prestige, rather than economic reasons,\u201d says Joseph Inikori<\/a>, a professor emeritus of history at Rochester who coedited with Engerman the 1992 book The Atlantic Slave Trade: Effects on Economies, Societies and Peoples of Africa, the Americas and Europe <\/em>(Duke University Press). \u201cEngerman and Fogel made it clear that slavery was a business enterprise centered on economics,\u201d he says. As the authors explain in their book, \u201cThere is no evidence that economic forces alone would have soon brought slavery to an end without the necessity of a war or some other form of political intervention.\u201d<\/p>\n

Time on the Cross <\/em>was noteworthy not just for its conclusions, but also for its analytical techniques. \u201cStan and Robert Fogel employed standard econometric techniques in their research, something that was typically not done at the time in analyzing questions of history,\u201d says Michael Wolkoff<\/a>, a professor of economics at Rochester. Engerman was instrumental in the development of cliometrics, the application of econometric techniques to the study of history. In honor of his contributions, the Cliometric Society named him a fellow in 2010<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Known for his extensive work on slavery, Engerman coedited a number of publications on the topic, including Between Slavery and Free Labor: The Spanish-Speaking Caribbean in the Nineteenth Century <\/em>(Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985),\u00a0British Capitalism and Caribbean Slavery<\/em> (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985), the three-volume\u00a0Cambridge Economic History of the United States<\/em> (Cambridge University Press, 1996), A Historical Guide to World Slavery<\/em> (Oxford University Press, 1998),\u00a0The Lesser Antilles in the Age of European Expansion<\/em> (University Press of Florida, 1996), and\u00a0Slavery<\/em> (Oxford University Press, 2001).<\/p>\n

While Time on the Cross<\/em> is Engerman\u2019s best-known work, Claudia Goldin, a professor of economics at Harvard University who worked with Engerman on the 1991 paper \u201cSeasonality in Nineteenth Century Labor Markets<\/a>,\u201d says that his other great contribution was his impact on fellow economists. \u201cIf you check the papers that were published in the last 50-plus years, you will see thanks and acknowledgments to Stan in an extremely large number,\u201d says Goldin. \u201cBefore we had the internet, we had Stan, and he was incredibly important to everyone.\u201d<\/p>\n

Among Engerman\u2019s major contributions, explains Goldin, was his work with economic historian Kenneth Sokoloff, which included publishing a series of articles in the book Economic Development in the Americas since 1500: Endowments and Institutions<\/em>. They developed what came to be known as the Engerman Sokoloff Hypothesis<\/a> to explain why some countries have different economic growth rates. The duo studied 16th-, 17th-, and 18th-century historical data from the Western Hemisphere and attributed growth differences to initial levels of resources\u2014including human capital\u2014and inequality. Their research revealed that high levels of inequality within a society can lead to inadequate institutions that perpetuate low growth rates.<\/p>\n

A generous colleague with an \u2018encyclopedic memory\u2019<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Colleagues remember Engerman as patient and generous, with a remarkable depth of knowledge. \u201cHe was famous for this encyclopedic memory,\u201d says Mark Bils<\/a>, the Hazel Fyfe Professor of Economics at the University. \u201cHe had bookshelves everywhere, and all the books were double-stacked\u2014behind every book was another book. If you asked him a question, he would go to the shelves, quickly pull out a book, and immediately turn to the appropriate page. It was amazing.\u201d<\/p>\n

Engerman didn\u2019t hesitate to put his encyclopedic memory to use in helping colleagues. \u201cStan would read anybody\u2019s paper and read it almost instantly,\u201d says Wolkoff, \u201cand he wouldn\u2019t hold back on making corrections.\u201d<\/p>\n

In addition to Engerman\u2019s generosity and achievements, Wolkoff was struck by his modesty. \u201cShortly before he passed, Stan thanked me for all he learned from me,\u201d says Wolkoff. \u201cI did all I could to keep from laughing, because whatever he learned from me couldn\u2019t compare to what I learned from him. Yet he had the graciousness to make that statement.\u201d<\/p>\n

A career marked with honors<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Among other awards and accolades over the decades, Engerman received a Guggenheim Fellowship, as well as fellowships from the National Science Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities. He was elected the Pitt Professor of American History and Institutions at the University of Cambridge for 1998\u201399. Along with being named a Distinguished Fellow of the American Economic Association, he was elected a fellow of the National Academy of Arts & Sciences. Engerman served as president of the Social Science History Association and the Economic History Association.<\/p>\n

He is predeceased by his wife, Judy, who died in 2019. He is survived by his three sons\u2014David, Mark, and Jeff\u2014and his sister Natalie Mayrsohn.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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